DynamicWalking

Predictive simulations of muscle driven 3D walking allow us to explore effect of neuro-musculoskeletal deficits

No/not squaring metabolic energy rate term results in exaggerated trunk sway.

No muscle activity term results in unrealistic force distribution.

Toes are important for knee flexion during stance.

Model predicts a continuum of walking and running gaits.

Altered muscle-tendon properties rather than bony deformities cause crouched gait pattern.

Robust optimal control.